本集內容
The risks of meat consumption 食肉的風險
學習要點
有關“Bacteria 細菌”的詞匯
邊看邊答
Who tends to use antibiotics too much in agriculture?
文字稿
Imagine having to eat just 40 grams of meat per day. That’s roughly the size of a regular burger. A group of researchers say that’s what people should aim for in order to reduce pressure on meat production.
Researchers say more and more meat products now have bugs that are resistant to available antibiotics – and that can easily be transmitted to people. So, they want the amounts of the drugs used in livestock regulated.
Professor Sam Kariuki, Antimicrobial Resistance Expert:
“A lot of these antibiotics can be done away with, especially their usage for prevention of disease – that’s prophylaxis – and growth promotion, by simply ensuring that the farmer is able to observe… what we call phytosanitary conditions.”
John usually doesn’t allow visitors into the farm. He also rears chicken of the same age at a time.
John Njuguna, chicken farmer:
“These sheds also harbour some kind of germs or bacteria. So when the other flock comes out we wash the whole place, we disinfect, and then we have a resting period of about 14 days. “
That way he’s able to prevent diseases and therefore avoid using antibiotics. But the vast majority of small-scale farmers in developing countries, and larger scale ones in developed countries, tend to overuse the drugs. If that doesn’t change, the available medicine could be rendered ineffective for treatment in the coming years.
想象一下，一個人每天只能吃40克的肉制品，這差不多是一個普通漢堡的份量。一組研究者認為，每個人都應將此作為一個目標，以減輕肉類食品生產的壓力。
研究者還指出，越來越多肉制品中的細菌已經對現有的抗菌素產生了抗體，這些細菌很容易傳染給人類，因此他們希望家畜類養殖中的抗菌素用藥量受到管制。
山姆
·
卡里烏基教授
抗菌素耐藥性專家
“很多抗菌素其實都可以不使用，尤其是當它們用于預防疾病……和促進生長時，只要養殖場主能觀察出被我們稱之為‘控制植物病害的情況’。”
約翰通常情況下不允許訪客進入農場。他還會同時飼養處于同一生長期的雞。
約翰
·
紐古納
養雞場場主
“這些養殖棚中也藏著一些細菌或病毒。所以當一批動物從棚里出來後，我們會將整個養殖棚都清洗一遍，然後消毒，接著再晾14天左右。”
這樣做他就能預防疾病，並且避免使用抗菌素。但發展中國家的絕大多數小養殖場，以及發達國家的大型養殖場卻往往濫用藥物。如果這種情況沒有得到改善，目前仍有效的藥物在未來可能會逐漸失效。
詞匯
resistant
抗…的；耐…的
antibiotics
抗生素，抗菌素
transmitted
傳播，傳染
prophylaxis
預防性治療方法
disinfect
給…殺菌，替…消毒
你知道嗎？
Sir Alexander Fleming discovered antibiotics.
亞歷山大·弗萊明爵士發現了抗生素。
問題答案
According to the report, the vast majority of small-scale farmers in developing countries and larger scale farmers in developed countries tend to use antibiotics more than they should.
